Valve arrangement



0C# 30 1945 w. CARRIER Re.'22,68 5

VALVE Alimmmgsu'r V origini 'Filed us, 21., 1941 In 'II'IIIIIII "IIIA 'III/ Oct. 30, .I w.H.' CARRIER uws kunnen j 2 slums-sham.. 2

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xNvE'NToR WILLIS H. vmamen Ressued Oct. 30, 1945 Willis H. Carrier, Syracuse, N. Y., assignor tor Carrier Corporation, Syracuse, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware original No. 2,342,328, oma' February zz, 1944, serial No.4z4,511,nmmber 21,1941. appuntion for reissue 553,472

This invention relates to a system of control for use in producing and maintaining desired atmospheric conditions, and more particularly relates to valve structures and auxiliarydevices 14 Claims.

September 9, 1944, Serial No.

The general object of the invention is to pro- I vide a system of control for use in tempering air delivered from a central conditioning source to.

a plurality oi points of distribution. At the central conditioning source. the air may be desirably conditioned so that it leaves at a predetermined dew point and at a predetermined dry bulb temperature. However, the various points of distribution may serve areas requiring heating or cooling, depending upon load conditions a'ecting said areas. Thus, it may be desired to maintain one zone of an enclosure at a higher temperature than another zone differently located; or, because of diil'erent load conditions, one zone may require heatingwhile another zone may require cooling. although it may be desired to maintain both zones at the same temperature. Applicant has devised simple and automatic regulation for tempering conditioned air received at a point of distribution so that such air may be augmented at said point by another volume of air which is either heated or cooled as desired, the mixture of both being delivered in a specied nnal condition.

A feature of the invention resides in the provision oi a valve body arranged to cause conditioning fluid to pass therethrough in one of a plurality oi courses depending upon the temperature of the valve body. As a result. under` conditions requiring either heating or cooling, conditioning iiuid ior causing required heating and cooling will be delivered in a predetermined course to a conditioning unit where a volume of air will be tempered as desired by heat exchange with the fluid so delivered. The same structure constitutes, in effect, a sensitive element operating differently during diii'erent seasons of the year. i Both cold and hot uids are-handled by and contract responsive respectively to increase and decrease of temperature said circuit causing the regulating element to meter desired quantities of tempering fluid according to the needs or wishes of an operative.

' With applicants control arrangement, only a small percentage oi' total air requirements need be handled at a central point of conditioning, with the result that duct structures leading from said point to the areas oi conditioning may be made relatively small. The remaining air required ior circulation as well as tempering may be drawn from the zones or areas of conditioning for mixture with the small quantity of air delivered from the central point. In addition, because tempering when required, whether heating or cooling. is carried on in the zones ot conditioning. the air delivered from the central station need not in many instances be intensively conditioned,l

and this again makes for greater economy an flexibility. n l

An illustrative embodiment of applicants invention is described in the following specication to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings in which: l

Fig. 4 illustrates tically the application of applicant's mechanism to an air conditioning system which it is to serve.

and

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic sectional view, showmg the interior of the unit employed inA tn e A system of Fig. 4.

c Considering the drawings, similar designations referring to similar parts, and ilrst referring to the system of Fig. 4, numeral 4 designates a thermal sensitive element preferably positioned in 1 the path of air through tempering coil the same device, but in diil'erent paths, reflecting the requirements of different needs.-

A further feature comprises the correlation-of a modulating device with the switchover f device, both arranged in the same structure, the modulating device reflecting local conditions in a particular zone, metering the quantity ofdesired uqiucredmw'aparucmarcondiucmngunia Another feature provides for a closed circuit anpansiblemadaptedtoexpand 5. Conditioned air from a central point of conditioning, not shown, is delivered to one or more units l, the air being delivered at relatively high pressure withinthe units through 1 from plenum l. The dischargeof air within unit l.

causesaninductionofsecondary air'through temperingcoill;and'tliisaircontactsthermal` sensitive elementi, immediatelyto -theconditionofthisain Normallmthesecondaryairis'i'rvomthearea.orzloneservedbythev unit andhence thermalsensitiveelementlwill 'reectwlthin theme. Theiiuidentering the tempering coil from feed line I may be either hot or cold, as will be described hereinatter. l i

Considering now the operation of the control I mechanism illustrated in Fig. 1, and assuming a.

summer operating condition, thermal sensitive element 4 will reilect the temperature ot the air in the area or zone served by unit 6. If, for

example, vthe temperature in the conditioned zone-y Examples oi uid III which may be used in the said closedcircuit are ether, dichloromethane, andv similar iiuids which will suggest themselves to those skilled in the ar't.

Assuming that cooling iluid is feeding from line l into mechanism I2, the body of mechanism I2 will have been.cooled down so that expansibleiluid -within bellows I 'I will be corivtr'acted so that the valve poppet Il will be seated at the bottom and open at the top. This is be` cause spring I9 will force down valve poppet IB since substantially no pressure exists in bellows I1 for causing rod 20 to push the valve in the opposite direction.

Since thermal sensitive element 4 is also reilecting a condition calling for the admission of cooling iluid to the unit, fluid III will have ex panded within the closed circuit described so that bellows I3 will be expanded to cause valve poppet 2| to be seated at the bottom. v Consequently, the coldiiuid will flow from line 9 through strainer 22, upper path around the top of valve poppet I8, port 23 around the top of valve poppet 2l out through discharge opening v24 and into the coil 5 of unit Assuming, however, that under the same summer operating condition, the temperature in the conditioned zone is within desired limits; then thermal sensitive element 4 will not be aIIected to the point where nuid III will expand sumciently to cause bellows I3 to downseat valve poppet 2|. 'I'he valve poppet 2i will stay topseated and bar the passage of cold iiuid to the tempering coil. It is only when element I re- `ilects a condition too warm for comfort, or atl least higher than a desired maximum, that the valve poppet will downseat and iluid to pass to the tempering coil.

Since different individuals may require diierent degrees of cooling, applicant provides a limit regulating control I5 with a knob or the like 25 so thatby manipulating the knob, the circuit for fluid Il may be extended or contracted. It extended, a warmer condition will be permitted to develop under summer operatingsconditions. whereas if contracted, the reverse will take place.

The iimit regulating control is includes en outer-.easing 2s housing a control roo 21 ntted within a threaded 'sleeve 2l inturn engaging' internal threaded head 2! of casing 20. Spring I0 tted between stop plates II and 32 exert a pressure upon actuating element 3l resting upon thehead of bellows Il to cause the bellows allow cooling 'to be contracted or expanded depending upon.

the direction of rotation lof knob 2 In order more readilyto reflect the condition of air contacting thermal sensitive element 4, it embraces an outer shell- 34 equipped with extended surfaces so that sensitivity to temperature changes will be increased because of increased ability to dissipate heat' rapidly.

Obviously. the limit 'regulating control may Vbe variously constructed to achieve the same object, that is, vary the space in which bellows I6 is housed so as to allow the bellows t0 expand or cause it to' contract. simi1ar1y,no limitation .is made with respect to the structure of the thermal element since various expedients may be used to enable it rapidly to reilect temperature changes.

Under` winter operating conditions, when heating tluid is fed from line s, the valve body of mechanism I2 adjacent valve poppet I8 will be heated up suillciently to cause bellows I1 to expand to the point where valve poppet Il will be top seated so that the hot fluid will be enabled to flow about the bottom of valve poppet IB. If the conditioned zone requires more heat, thermal sensitive element 4 will be ail'ected to the point where uid III will contract thus causing pressure of spring to top seat valve poppet ZI and permit heated iiuid toiiow beneath the valve poppet and out through. discharge opening 24 to the unit I.

The course `oi'. cooling iluid is indicated by a dash line whereas the course of heating iiuid is indicated by a dot and `clash line.

Under some conditions, it may be desirabie to quirements in said zones. In the arrangement vided to serve the heater and check valve 41 enoi' Fig. l, thermostat T, operative Aresponsive to temperature. conditions in a particular' zone, controls three-way valve 38 so that heating fluid from'a desired source may be admitted from line 31' or cooling fluid from another desired source admitted from line 38.

In Fig. 4, a supply'oi' cold water from a desired source, such as a well, or cooler, feeds into threeway valve 38 and is then discharged by pump 40 into line D which may serve one or more units I, the iiuid returning from units 6 flowing through return line 4I to waste, as shown, or back to the three-way valve 28 depending upon the condition o! the valve. Thermostat T' controls the operation of valve 30, said thermostat being normally positioned within the conditioned area or in a plenum reflecting conditions in one or more zones. as desired. Heater 42 and three-way valve 43 are provided so that when heating fluid is required, the course will be from heater 42 through line 44, said line l, the units 8, return line 4I, valve I! which will be in one position for receiving only return iluid, pump 4I, three-way valve and line 4l. Responsive to the action of thermostat T', valve 4I 'will operate to apportion the return iiuid so that part thereof may be returned for reheating and the remainder pass through' to line s. Steam connection is proables the water from valve 4l to pass to line l without permitting ow into line 44.

'Ihe valve' operating mechanism, therefore.- operates under 'both summer and inter conditions: and may operate in any season ofthe year to provide either cooling or heating. ori` both cooling and heating, with the result that any desired or required tempering may take place at sans any point of distribution to meet lspeciilcations or the wishes of occupants.

Safety valve Il is operated responsive to a rise in pressure in line I beyond a desired maximum. whereupon valve 48 will open and allow bypassing of water as shown by the arrow.

Since many changes may be made in the invention without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter set forth in the above description, or shown in the accompanying drawings be regarded as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense. i

I claim:

l. In a control valve, a plurality of passages for routing conditioning fluid therethrough, a thermal sensitive element in the valve, a valve seat arrangement, means including said element Voperative responsive to changes intemperature of the body oi the valve for causing said arrangement to permit conditioning iiuid to pass through a desired one of a plurality oi courses through.

the valve, and means operative responsive to variations in atmospheric conditions of an area to be air conditioned for permitting said fluid to be discharged from the valve.

2. In a control valve a nrst upper passage, a iirst lower passage, a second upper passage, a second lower passage, means for admitting a first Iiuid to lthe valve, means operative responsive to the temperature of said nrstnuid for causing one of said first passages to be open and the other to be closed, means including a thermostatic fluid forl controlling the i'low oi said first iiuid thru the second passages ofthe valve, and means for causing one of said second passages to be open and the other second passage to be closed, said means for causing one of said sec, ond passages lto be open and the other sec'- ond passage to be closed being operated by said means including a thermostatic fluid.

3. In a control arrangement of the character described a valve, a plurality of passages in said valve whereby a iiuid may pass therethrough in a plurality of courses, means vfor admitting a passageV ot said uid when the fluid is below a predetermined temperature limit, a second series of passages and means operativeD responsive to variations in atmospheric conditions of an area to be air conditioned for I.permitting said fluid to valve element governing the ilow of heated conditioning duid through one course and the ow of cooled conditioning duid. through another:

course, said second valve element permitting the conditioning iiuid to pass out of thevalve.'

body vin desired volume. Y

6. In a control arrangement according to claim 4, means for varying the size of the closed uid point.

7. In a temperature regulator for controlling:

the now of either a cooling medium or a heating medium to the same heat exchanger, the coin-f bination of a valve member, a pair of ported valve seats with which saidA valve member is adapted to cooperate, a thermostat Isubjected to the temperature to be controlled and operatively connected to said valve member, and

means automatically responsive to the temperature of the medium flowing into said regulator for predetermining whether said medium shall now to one or the other of said valvev seats.

8. In a temperature regulator for controlling the ow of either a cooling medium or a heating medium tothe same heat exchanger, the combination of a valve member, a pair of ported valve seats with which said valve member is adapted to'cooperate, a thermostat subjected to the temperature to be controlled and operatively connected to said valve member, means responsive to the temperature of the medium flowing into the regulator for determining whether said medium shall ow to one or the other of said valve seat ports, and means for adjusting, said valve member with respect to its kseats to predetermine the temperature at which said valve member shall engage the eilective seat for dis- 40 continuing the ow of vsaid medium.

enter a desired one of said second series of passages for discharge from the valve.

4. In a control arrangement of the character described, 'a valve body, a thermal sensitive element, a closed thermostatic nuid circuit includingl ment, and means including said closed thermostatic iiuid circuit for operating said second valve element to permit conditioning uid to through the valve body.

5. In a control arrangement according to claim 4, a plurality of courses within the valve body connecting with saidvother c: s said'iirst Pass 9. In a temperature regulator for controlling the ow of either va heating medium or a cooling medium to the same heat exchanger, in combiinto said casing for determining whether said the other oi said medium shall ow to on'e or ported valve seats. l

10. In a, temperature regulator forcontrolling .the ow of either a heating medium or a cooling medium to a heat exchanger, in combination with a casing provided with inlet and outlet connections, a pair of portedv valve seats in said casing, a single valve member for cooperating with one or the other of said valve seats, a thermostat including a motor vessel operatively connected to said valve member. and a bulb in 'communication with said vessel, said'vessel and bulb being lled with a thermosensitive liquid, a second valve'mechanism in said casing for determining whether the medium flowing into said casing shall flow to one or the other of said valve seats, and means responsive to the temperature of the medium flowing into said casing for op erating said last named valve mechanism.

11, In a valvearrangement of the character described a nrst double seated valve. a second housing thereby changing its temperature, a thermal sensitive element operative responsive to changes in temperature of the housing for causing the first valve to asume one position when heated iiuid is admitted'to the housing and a diiierent position when cooled fluid is admitted to the housing, a thermal sensitive element cutvside the housing for reiiecting changes in atmospheric conditions oi' an area to be air conditioned. and means controlled by said element for causingthesecond valve to assume one position under conditions when heated uid to discharged from the housing and a "diiierent position under summer operating conditions-independencia desired to be dischargedirom 'the Y s s am musa seated vsive. s :man: for seid mm; -means for admitting conditioning fluid into the a housing a change-over element `disposed in the housing. means responsive Ato temperature o! iluid entering the housing to cause said element to assume .ailrst position when cooled iiuid is fed to the housing and a second position when heated iiuid is fed to the housing, a device for l opening and closing a passageway from which iiuid is discharged from the housing, and means for operating said device in response to changing conditions in an area being air conditioned.

said device operating means being adapted to cause said device to tend to reduce the ow of iiuid from the housing when said element is in the second position'and the temperature in the' area being conditioned tends to rise above a desired level, and being adapted to cause said device to tend to incease the iiow of iiuid from i2. A change-over valve comprising a housing,

a change-over element disposed in said housing.

means responsive to temperature of iluid entering the housing for causing said element to assume a first position when cooled iluid is fed to the housing and a second position when heated iluid is fed to the housing, a device for opening and closing a passageway trom which iiuid is discharged from the housing, and means operative responsive to changing conditions in an area being air conditioned for causing said device to tend to reduce the now of fluid from the housing while heated uid is being fed to the housing and said element is inthe second position when the temperature in such area tends to rise above a desired level whereas said means responsi'vetochangingconditionsintheareabeing air conditioned causes said device to tend to increase the flow oi' iiuid from the housing while cooled iluid is being fed to the housing and said element is in the iirst position when the temperatureinsuchareatendstoriseabovea level. 1

c in which the means responsive to changing conthe housing when said element is in the rst position and the temperature in such area tends to rise above a desired level.

14'. A change-over valve according to claim 12 ditions in the area being air'conditioned comprises an element. a bellows, tubing connecting the element and the bellows, and fluid disposed desired 4 y' in the bellows, tubing and element. said means being adapted to'cause said device to tend to increase the ilow of uid from the housing while heated fluid is being fed to the housing and said change-over element is in the second position when the temperature in such arca tends to fall below a desired level, whereas said means responsive to changing conditions in the area being air conditioned is adaptedto cause said device to tend to decrease the ow of iluid from the housing while cooled iiuid is being fed to housing and said lelement is in the rst N when the temperature in such area tends togfall below a desired level.

. l WILLIS H. CARRIER.

13. In a change-over valve. the combination or 

